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18章非攻中(1/3)

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18章 非攻(中)

子墨子言曰:“古者王公大人为政于国家者,情yu誉之审,赏罚之当,刑政之不过失…。”是故子墨子曰:“古者有语:谋而不得,则以往知来,以见知隐。谋若此可得而知矣。”

今师徒唯毋兴起,冬行恐寒,夏行恐暑,此不可以冬夏为者也。chun则废民耕稼树艺,秋则废民获敛。今唯毋废一时,则百姓饥寒冻馁而死者,不可胜数。今尝计军上:竹箭、羽旄、幄幕、甲盾、拨劫,往而靡弊腑冷不反者,不可胜数。又与矛、戟、戈、剑、乘车,其列住碎拆靡弊而不反者,不可胜数。与其niuma,fei而往,瘠而反,往死亡而不反者,不可胜数。与其涂dao之修远,粮食辍绝而不继,百姓死者,不可胜数也。与其居chu1之不安,食饭之不时,肌饱之不节,百姓之dao疾病而死者,不可胜数。丧师多不可胜数,丧师尽不可胜计,则是鬼神之丧其主后,亦不可胜数。

国家发政,夺民之用,废民之利,若此甚众,然而何为为之?曰:“我贪伐胜之名,及得之利,故为之。”子墨子言曰:“计其所自胜,无所可用也;计其所得,反不如所丧者之多。”今攻三里之城,七里之郭,攻此不用锐,且无杀,而徒得此然也?杀人多必数于万,寡必数于千,然后三里之城,七里之郭且可得也。今万乘之国,虚数于千,不胜而入;广衍数于万,不胜而辟。然则土地者,所有余也;王民者,所不足也。今尽王民之死,严下上之患,以争虚城,则是弃所不足,而重所有余也。为政若此,非国之务者也。

饰攻战者言曰:“南则荆、吴之王,北则齐、晋之君,始封于天下之时,其土地之方,未至有数百里也;人徒之众,未至有数十万人也。以攻战之故,土地之博,至有数千里也;人徒之众,至有数百万人。故当攻战而不可为也。”子墨子言曰:“虽四五国则得利焉,犹谓之非行dao也。譬若医之药人之有病者然,今有医于此,和合其祝药之于天下之有病者而药之。万人食此,若医四五人得利焉,犹谓之非行药也。故孝子不以食其亲,忠臣不以食其君。古者封国于天下,尚者以耳之所闻,近者以目之所见,以攻战亡者,不可胜数。”何以知其然也?东方有莒之国者,其为国甚小,闲于大国之闲,不敬事于大,大国亦弗之从而爱利,是以东者越人夹削其壤地,西者齐人兼而有之。计莒之所以亡于齐、越之间者,以是攻战也。虽南者陈、蔡,其所以亡于吴、越之间者,亦以攻战。虽北者且不一著何,其所以亡于燕代、胡貊之闲者,亦以攻战也。是故子墨子言曰:“古者王公大人,情yu得而恶失,yu安而恶危,故当攻战,而不可不非。”

饰攻战者之言曰:“彼不能收用彼众,是故亡;我能收用我众,以此攻战于天下,谁敢不宾服哉!”子墨子言曰:“子虽能收用子之众,子岂若古者吴阖闾哉?”古者吴阖闾教七年,奉甲执兵,奔三百里而舍焉。次注林,chu于冥隘之径,战于柏举,中楚国而朝宋与及鲁。至夫差之shen,北而攻齐,舍于汶上,战于艾陵,大败齐人,而葆之大山;东而攻越,济三江五湖,而葆之会稽。九夷之国莫不宾服。于是退不能赏孤,施舍群萌,自恃其力,伐其功,誉其志,怠于教遂。筑姑苏之台,七年不成。及若此,则吴有离罢之心。越王句践视吴上下不相得,收其众以复其雠,入北郭,徙大内,围王gong,而吴国以亡。昔者晋有六将军,而智伯莫为qiang焉。计其土地之博,人徒之众,yu以抗诸侯,以为英名,攻战之速,故差论其爪牙之士,皆列其舟车之众,以攻中行氏而有之。以其谋为既已足矣,又攻兹范氏而大败之,并三家以为一家而不止,又围赵

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