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產有疾,謂太叔曰:「我死,必為政,唯有德者能以寬服民,其次莫如猛.夫火烈民望而畏之,故鮮死焉;濡弱,民狎而翫之,則多死焉,故寬難.」產卒,太叔為政,不忍猛而寬,鄭國多掠盜.太叔悔之曰:「吾早從夫,必不及此.」孔聞之曰:「善哉!政寬則民慢,慢則糾于猛,猛則民殘,民殘則施之以寬,寬以濟猛,猛以濟寬,寬猛相濟,政是以和.詩曰:『民亦勞止,汔可小康,惠此中國,以綏四方.』施之以寬,毋縱詭隨,以謹無良,式遏寇,慘不畏明,糾之以猛也,柔遠能邇,以定我王,平之以和也.」又曰:「不競不絿,不剛不柔,布政優優,百祿是遒,和之至也.」產之卒也,孔聞之,涕曰:「古之遺愛.」

晉魏獻為政,分祁氏及羊氏之田,荀櫟滅,以賞諸大夫,及其成,皆以賢舉也.又將賈辛曰:「今汝有力于王室,吾是以舉汝,行乎敬之哉,毋墮乃力.」孔聞之曰:「魏之舉也,近不失親,遠不失舉,可謂矣.」又聞其命賈辛以為忠.詩云:「永言命,自求多福.」忠也.魏之舉也,義其命也.忠其長有后于晉國乎.

齊陳恆弒其簡公,孔聞之,三日沐浴而適朝,告于哀公曰:「陳恆弒其君,請伐之.」公弗許,三請,公曰:「魯為齊弱久矣,之伐也,將若之何?」對曰:「陳恆弒其君,民之不與者半,以魯之眾,加齊之半,可克也.」公曰:「告季氏.」孔辭,退而告人曰:「以吾從大夫之后,吾不敢不告也.」

衛孫桓侵齊,遇敗焉,齊人乘之,執新築大夫,仲叔于奚以其眾救桓,桓乃免.衛人以邑賞仲叔于奚,于奚辭,請曲懸之樂,繁纓以朝,許之,書在三官.路仕衛,見其故,以訪孔.孔曰:「惜也不如多與之邑,惟與名,不可以假人,君之所司,名以信,信以守以藏禮,禮以行義,義以生利,利以平民,政之大節也.若以假人,與人政也,政亡,則國家從之,不可止也.」

決所犯,傷人必多,吾弗克救也,不如小決使導之,不如吾所聞而藥之.」孔聞是言也,曰:「吾以是觀之,人謂產不仁,吾不信也.」

適齊,過泰山之側,有婦人哭于野者而哀,夫式而聽之曰:「此哀一似重有憂者.」使貢徃問之.而曰:「昔舅死于虎,吾夫又死焉,今吾又死焉.」貢曰:「何不去乎?」婦人曰:「無苛政.」貢以告孔.曰:「小識之,苛政猛于暴虎.」

張問曰:「書云,宗三年不言,言乃雍,有諸?」孔曰:「胡為其不然也.古者天崩,則世委政于冢宰三年,成湯既沒,太甲聽于伊尹,武王既喪,成王聽于周公,其義一也.」

衛孔文使太叔疾其妻,而以其女妻之,疾誘其初妻之娣,為之立宮,與文女,如二妻之禮.文怒將攻之.孔舍璩伯玉之家,文就而訪焉.孔曰:「簠簋之事,則嘗聞學之矣,兵甲之事,未之聞也.」退而命駕而行曰:「鳥則擇木,木豈能擇鳥乎?」文遽自止之曰:「圉也豈敢度其私哉?亦訪衛國之難也.」將止,會季康問冉求之戰,冉求既對之,又曰:「夫播之百姓,質諸鬼神,而無憾,用之則有名.」康言于哀公,以幣迎孔曰:「人之于冉求信之矣,將大用之.」

公父文伯之母,紡績不解.文伯諫焉.其母曰:「古者王后親織玄紞,公侯之夫人加之紘綖,卿之內為大帶,命婦成祭服,列士之妻,加之以朝服,自庶士已下,各衣其夫,社而賦事,烝而獻功,男女紡績,愆則有辟,聖王之制也,今我寡也,爾又在

楚昭王有疾,卜曰:「河神為祟.」王弗祭,大夫請祭諸郊.王曰:「三代命祀,祭不越望,江漢沮漳,楚之望也,禍福之至,不是過乎,不穀雖不德,河非所獲罪也.」遂不祭.孔曰:「楚昭王知大矣,其不失國也宜哉.夏書曰:『維彼陶唐,率彼天常,在此冀方,今失厥,亂其紀綱,乃滅而亡.』」又曰:「允茲在茲,由己率常可矣.」

趙簡賦晉國一鼓鐘,以鑄刑鼎,著范宣所為刑書.孔曰:「晉其亡乎,失其度矣.夫晉國將守唐叔之所受法度,以經緯其民者也.卿大夫以序守之,民是以能遵其而守其業,貴賤不愆,所謂度也.文公是以作執秩之官,為被廬之法,以為盟主.今棄此度也,而為刑鼎,銘在鼎矣,何以尊貴?何業之守也?貴賤無序,何以為國?且夫宣之刑,夷之蒐也,晉國亂制,若之何其為法乎.」

晉平公會諸侯于平丘,齊侯及盟,鄭產爭貢賦之所承,曰:「昔日天班貢輕重,以列尊卑,貢,周之制也,卑而貢重者甸服,鄭伯男南也,而使從公侯之貢,懼弗給也,敢以為請,自日中爭之,以至于昏.」晉人許之.孔曰:「產于是行也,是以為國基也.詩云:『樂只君家之基.』產,君之于樂者,且曰合諸侯而藝貢事,禮也.」

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